Effects of borax solid wastes fritted and added into wall tile opaque glazes on the final mirostructure

Abstract

The boric acid content of a commercial opaque frit used in the preparation of wall tile glazes was replaced by borax solid wastes from Etibor Kirka Borax Company of Turkey in order to decrease costs. In addition to the effects of such modification on the service performance of the relevant glazes, changes in the final microstructure were also investigated with the aid of certain characterization techniques. This study confirmed the potential usage capacity of these wares in the form of frit and evaluated their use in the production of wall tile opaque glazes.