Capacity of Activated Carbon Derived from Peach Stones by K2CO3 in the Removal of Acid, Reactive, and Direct Dyes from Aqueous Solution

Abstract

The present research deals with the production of activated carbon by chemical activation using peach stones and its adsorption behavior. The prepared activated carbon was used for the adsorption of three kinds of textile dyes, acid, reactive, and direct dyes, from aqueous solution. The results indicated that the overall adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium data were found to be well represented by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The calculated adsorption capacities for Reactive Orange 16, Acid Yellow 11, and Direct Red 23 onto activated carbon were 667, 539, and 427 mg g(-1) at 50 degrees C, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters, such as Delta G degrees, Delta H degrees, and Delta S degrees, were also calculated and indicated that the adsorption of dyes onto activated carbon was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.